Screen Time vs Quality Time dalam Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini: Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v9i1.1568Keywords:
Interaksi Orang Tua-Anak, Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini, Paparan Media Digital, Pertumbuhan Kosakata, Stimulasi BahasaAbstract
Peningkatan screen time pada anak usia dini menimbulkan kekhawatiran karena periode ini merupan waktu yang krusial bagi perkembangan bahasa mereka. Peningkatan akibat penggunaan gawai yang berlebihan ini berpotensi menggantikan quality time antara anak dan pengasuhnya yang menjadi fondasi utama perkembangan linguistik. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bertujuan menentukan apakah screen time atau quality time yang memberikan pengaruh lebih kuat terhadap perkembangan bahasa anak usia 0-6 tahun. Mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020, sebanyak 38 artikel empiris (2020-2025) dari berbagai basis data ilmiah dianalisis. Artikel mencakup studi kohort longitudinal, survei cross-sectional, eksperimen, dan tinjauan sistematis. Data disintesis secara naratif dengan membandingkan pola temuan lintas desain penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa screen time (paparan layar) berlebihan tanpa mediasi berkaitan dengan kemampuan bahasa yang lebih lemah, sedangkan interaksi berkualitas secara konsisten memprediksi pertumbuhan kosakata, sintaksis, dan literasi dini. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya memprioritaskan interaksi responsif serta menggunaan gawai yang terkontrol dalam kebijakan dan praktik pengasuhan.
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