Hubungan Program Kesehatan, Keselamatan, dan Gizi Seimbang Sekolah dengan Capaian Tumbuh Kembang Anak di Taman Kanak-kanak.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v9i1.1561Keywords:
Tumbuh Kembang Anak, Program Kesehatan Sekolah, Keselamatan Di Sekolah, Penerapan Gizi SeimbangAbstract
Program kesehatan, keselamatan, dan gizi seimbang di TK penting karena membantu menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman sekaligus membiasakan pola hidup sehat yang mendukung tumbuh kembang anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan pelaksanaan program sekolah sehat dan capaian perkembangan anak di TK. Studi kuantitatif korelasional dilakukan pada 5 TK dengan subjek 106 anak. Pelaksanaan program diukur memakai rubrik observasi tiga komponen (kesehatan, keselamatan, gizi seimbang) yang telah diuji validitas isi dan reliabilitasnya. Skor program dihitung pada tingkat sekolah sebagai skor gabungan, sedangkan capaian anak dinilai pada lima aspek perkembangan lalu diringkas menjadi rerata per-sekolah; karena unit analisis adalah sekolah (N=5). Data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat antara skor gabungan dan rerata capaian (r=0,988; p=0,002), serta pada kesehatan (r=0,988; p=0,002), gizi (r=0,981; p=0,003), dan keselamatan (r=0,955; p=0,011). Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya pengelolaan program sebagai kegiatan terintegrasi untuk pemantauan rutin dan penetapan prioritas perbaikan lintas komponen.
Downloads Statistics
References
Ansuya, B., Nayak, B. S., Unnikrishnan, B., Ravishankar, N., Shashidhara, Y. N., & Mundkur, S. C. (2023). Impact of a home ‑ based nutritional intervention program on nutritional status of preschool children : a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 23(51), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14900-4
Ardeshirlarijani, E., Namazi, N., Jabbari, M., Zeinali, M., Gerami, H., & Jalili, R. B. (2019). The link between breakfast skipping and overweigh / obesity in children and adolescents : a meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders (2019), 657–664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00446-7
Barnes, C., Hall, A., Nathan, N., Sutherland, R., Mccarthy, N., Pettet, M., Brown, A., & Wolfenden, L. (2021). Efficacy of a school-based physical activity and nutrition intervention on child weight status : Findings from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106822
Barnes, C., Yoong, S. L., Nathan, N., & Wolfenden, L. (2021). Feasibility of a web-based implementation intervention to improve child dietary intake in early childhood education and care : pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal Of Medical Internet Research, 23, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2196/25902
Bartelink, N., Assema, P. Van, Vennegoor, G., & Bessems, K. (2024). Implementation of the health promoting school approach in europe : a cross-sectional. Journal of School Health, 94(10), 975–984. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.13499
Beaulieu, E., & Beno, S. (2024). Healthy childhood development through outdoor risky play : Navigating the balance with injury prevention. Paediatrics & Child Health, 24, 255–261. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxae016
Berk, L. E. (2018). Development Through The Lifespan (Seventh Ed).
Bick, S., Ezezew, A., Opondo, C., Leurent, B., Argaw, W., Hunter, E. C., Cumming, O., Allen, E., & Dreibelbis, R. (2024). Impact of a school ‑ based water and hygiene intervention on child health and school attendance in Addis Ababa , Ethiopia : a cluster ‑ randomised controlled trial. BMC Medicine, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03558-x
Britto, P. R., Lye, S. J., Proulx, K., Yousafzai, A. K., Matthews, S. G., Vaivada, T., Perez-escamilla, R., Rao, N., Ip, P., Fernald, L. C. H., Macmillan, H., Hanson, M., Wachs, T. D., Yao, H., Yoshikawa, H., Cerezo, A., & Leckman, J. F. (2016). Nurturing care : promoting early childhood development. The Lancet, 389, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31390-3
Chan, C. L., Tan, P. Y., & Gong, Y. Y. (2022). Evaluating the impacts of school garden ‑ based programmes on diet and nutrition ‑ related knowledge , attitudes and practices among the school children : a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13587-x
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Fifth Edition: Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Dangis, G., Terho, K., Graichen, J., A, S., Rosio, R., & Salantera, S. (2023). Hand hygiene of kindergarten children — Understanding the effect of live feedback on motivation of young children : Protocol for a multi-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280686
Davis, J. N., Pérez, A., Asigbee, F. M., Landry, M. J., Vandyousefi, S., Ghaddar, R., Hoover, A., Jeans, M., Nikah, K., Fischer, B., Pont, S. J., Richards, D., Hoelscher, D. M., & Berg, A. E. Van Den. (2021). School-based gardening , cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI : Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x
Devellis, R. F., & Thorpe, C. T. (2022). Scale Development: Theory and Applications. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Durao, S., Wilkinson, M., Davids, E. L., Gerritsen, A., & Kredo, T. (2023). Effects of policies or interventions that influence the school food environment on children ’ s health and nonhealth outcomes : a systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, 82(3), 332–360. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuad059
Edwards, R., Byrne, J., & Grace, M. (2024). Enabling pupils to flourish : six evidence-based principles of whole-school wellbeing promotion. Frontiers in Public Health, 12(August), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335861
Escamilla, R. P., Venancio, S., & Buccini, G. (2022). Monitoring nurturing care environments for early childhood from the national to the municipal level. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 18, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13327
Fatmawati, Sutrisno, & Firdhausy, H. S. (2019). Penerapan fungsi manajemen pada program usaha kesehatan sekolah di sekolah. Higeia Journal Of Public Health Research and Development, 3(2), 179–189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294 /higeia/v3i2/29129
Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS Third Edition. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Grady, A., Jackson, J., Wolfenden, L., Lum, M., & Yoong, S. L. (2023). Assessing the scalability of healthy eating interventions within the early childhood education and care setting : secondary analysis of a Cochrane systematic review. Public Health Nutrition, 26(12), 3211–3229. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980023002550
Gray, T., Down, M. J. A., Mann, J., Barnes, J., Sturges, M., Eager, D., Pigott, F., Harper, A., Hespos, S., Miller, R. M., & Reis, A. (2025). Risky outdoor play and adventure education in nature for child and adolescent wellbeing : a scoping review. Behavioral Sciences, 1–49. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16010005
Hastuti, D. P., Waluyo, L., & Aisyah, I. S. (2025). Penerapan pola hidup sehat untuk mewujudkan sekolah sehat di tk aisyiyah 8 musi rawas. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 9(5), 1446–1456. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v9i5.7018
He, J., Wang, W., Schwebel, D. C., Li, J., Zhao, M., Li, W., Ning, P., & Hu, G. (2025). Effectiveness of a standardised and interactive intervention to prevent preschooler unintentional injury in rural China : a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ Glob Health, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2025-019050
Hoyle, E., Davies, H., Bourhill, J., Roberts, N., Lee, J. J., & Albury, C. (2025). Effectiveness of hand ‑ hygiene interventions in reducing illness ‑ related absence in educational settings in high income countries : systematic review and behavioural analysis. Journal of Public Health, 33(3), 659–670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-02044-7
Ismail, S. R., Radzi, R., Sofia, P., Megat, N. K., Lokman, E. F., Yin, H. L., Rahim, N. A., Yin, H. Y., Arumugam, D., Ngu, A., Ching, A., Low, Y., Wong, E. H., Patil, S., Madhavan, P., Nordin, R. Bin, Werf, E. Van Der, & Lai, N. M. (2024). The effects of school-based hygiene intervention programme : Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOSE ONE, 10, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308390
Jatmikowati, T. E., Nuraini, K., Winarti, D. R., & Adwitiya, B. (2023). Peran guru dan orang tua dalam pembiasaan makan makanan sehat pada anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2), 1279–1294. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i1.3223
Jiang, Z., Song, C., Shi, M., Chen, R., Hong, Y., Zhang, C., Zheng, W., Hu, B., Wang, L., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Effect of customized nutritious breakfast and nutrition education on nutritional status of preschool children in economically underdeveloped multi-ethnic areas: a cluster randomized clinical trial in linxia, china. Nutrients, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142287
Jourdan, D., Simar, C., Deasy, C., Carvalho, G. S., & Mannix, P. (2016). School health promotion and teacher professional identity. Health Education, 116(2), 106–122. https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-07-2014-0078
Keshani, P., Mousavi, S. M., Mirzaei, Z., Hematdar, Z., Maayeshi, N., Mirshekari, M., Ranjbaran, H., Faghih, S., & 1-. (2016). Effect of a school-based nutrition education program on the nutritional status of primary school children. Nutrition and Food Sciences Research, 3(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.nfsr.3.1.27
Kipping, R., Pallan, M., Willis, K., Dobell, A., Metcalfe, C., Jago, R., Johnson, L., Langford, R., Hollingworth, W., Cochrane, M., White, J., & Murphy, M. (2023). Protocol to evaluate the effectiveness and cost- effectiveness of an environmental nutrition and physical activity intervention in nurseries ( Nutrition and Physical Activity Self Assessment for Child Care - NAP SACC UK ): a multicentre cluster randomised. Research Square, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16229-y
Langford, R., Bonell, C., Jones, H., Pouliou, T., Murphy, S., Waters, E., Komro, K., Gibbs, L., Magnus, D., & Campbell, R. (2015). The world health organization ’ s health promoting schools framework : a cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 15(130), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1360-y
May, T. A., Koskey, K. L. K., & Provinzano, K. (2024). Developing and validating the preschool nutrition education practices survey. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 56(8), 545–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2024.03.009
Mchugh, C. A., Lloyd, J., Logan, S., & Wyatt, K. (2021). Implementing a set of health promoting processes in English secondary schools: A comparative case study. Public Health in Practice, 2(October), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100214
Mcnicholl, J., Younie, S., Crosby, S., & Laird, K. (2024). A clinical trial evaluation of handwashing products and educational resources to improve hand hygiene in paediatric patients and school children. Frontiers in Public Health, 23 September 2024, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1427749
Mufida, A. Y. (2023). Mewujudkan lingkungan belajar aman pada satuan paud perspektif “ seri 6 paud berkualitas (KEMENDIKBUDRISTEK)". NANAEKE Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education, 6(2), 95–112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24252/nananeke.v6i2.38491
Mukminin, A., & Tasu’ah, N. (2016). Pengembangan model layanan program usaha kesehatan sekolah (uks) terintegrasi pada lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini ( paud ) di kota semarang (studi pada lembaga taman kanak-kanak di kota semarang ). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 33(2), 117–126.
Ningsih, R., Rachmawati, A., Elvira, V. F., & Thohira, M. C. (2025). Pelatihan guru UKS se-Kota Samarinda untuk mewujudkan sekolah sehat mencetak generasi hebat. SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan, 9(5), 3108–3115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v9i5.34042
Pallant, J. (2010). SPSS Survival Manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS 4th Edition. Open University Press.
Pearson, M., Chilton, R., Wyatt, K., Abraham, C., Ford, T., Woods, H. B., & Anderson, R. (2015). Implementing health promotion programmes in schools : a realist systematic review of research and experience in the United Kingdom. Biomed Central, 10(149), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-015-0338-6
Puspita, N. F. R. M., & Adriyanto. (2019). Analisis asupan gula, garam dan lemak (GGL) dari jajanan pada anak sekolah dasar negeri dan swasta di kota surabaya. Amerta Nutrition, 126, 58–62. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i1.2019.58-62
Rahayu, A. K., & Setiasih, O. (2022). Strategi orang tua dalam membiasakan phbs anak usia dini saat pandemi covid-19. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(5), 4118–4127. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i5.2115
Ramos-pla, A., & Casol, L. F. (2025). Health education in early childhood education : a systematic review of the literature. Societies, 15, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15040106
Richmond, S. A., Clemens, T., Pike, I., & Macpherson, A. (2018). A systematic review of the risk factors and interventions for the prevention of playground injuries. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 109(1), 134–149. https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-018-0035-8
Silva, L. C. de M. A., Alves, I. L., Santos, K. V. G. dos, Silva, T. T. M. da, Leal, K. C. da S., Pinheiro, T. B. M., Dantas, R. A. N., Ribeiro, K. R. B., & Dantas, D. V. (2023). First aid teaching for schoolchildren: Scoping review. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 5(November), 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2023.100305
Soe, T., Jamaludin, S., Nurumal, M. S., & Sanusi, Z. A. (2024). Essential life-saving skills for schoolchildren : a scoping review. International Journal of Care Scholars, 7(June), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.31436/ijcs.v7i2.370
Storey, K. E., Pabayo, R., Lowe, S. A. J., Faught, E. L., Neely, K. C., Hunter, S., & Montemurro, G. (2025). Development and validation of an instrument to evaluate school-health implementation : a sequential mixed-methods approach. BMC Public Health, 25(1444), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22664-w
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using Multivariate Statistics 7th Edition. Pearson.
Unicef, & WHO. (2020). Progress on drinking water , sanitation and hygiene in schools special focus on covid-19. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO),.
WHO. (2020). Improving early childhood development: WHO Guideline.
WHO, & UNESCO. (2021). Making Every School a Health-Promoting School Implementation Guidance. World Health Organization and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
WHO, UNICEF, & BANK, W. (2018). Nurturing care for early childhood development. World Health Organization.
Wu, S., Wang, R. S., Huang, Y., Wan, T. T. H., Tung, T., & Wang, B. (2022). Effect of hand hygiene intervention in community kindergartens : a quasi-experimental study. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214639
Yoong, Lum, M., Wolfenden, L., Jackson, J., Barnes, C., Ae, H., Mccrabb, S., Pearson, N., Lane, C., Jz, J., Dinour, L., Mcdonnell, T., Booth, D., Grady, A., Sl, Y., Lum, M., Wolfenden, L., Jackson, J., Barnes, C., … Grady, A. (2023). Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six months to six years (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6, 331. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013862.pub2
Downloads
Published
Check Article Index
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tisna Syafnita, Delfi Eliza, Harlina Ramelan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
